Current methods for determining ambient redox potential in cells are labor-intensive and
generally require destruction of tissue. This precludes single cell or real time studies of
changes in redox poise that result from metabolic processes or environmental influences. By
substitution of surface-exposed residues on the Aequorea victoria green fluorescent protein
(GFP) with cysteines in appropriate positions to form disulfide bonds, reduction-oxidation-
sensitive GFPs (roGFPs) have been created. roGFPs have two fluorescence excitation …