The adrenal glomerulosa cells is the cell type most sensitive to extracellular K⁺ in the mammalian organism. Its sensitivity to physiological increases in K⁺ concentration ([K⁺]) is due to the expression of the two-pore domain K⁺ channels TASK that gives rise to K⁺ conductance in the range of resting membrane potential (≅ −80mV) and to mechanisms that reduce the activation threshold of T-type voltage-activated Ca²⁺ channels. Potassium-induced cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ signal activates adenylyl cyclase; induces and activates StAR, the protein that carries cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membramne and also enhances the expression of aldosterone synthase. The cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ signal is transferred into the mitochondrial matrix and enhances the reduction of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides.